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Linux:ls命令指定文件大小单位

发布于 2018/01/17 10:54 10,518浏览 0回复 8,381

在Linux中显示文件列表/文件大小等文件信息的时候,通常的做法是使用“ls -l”或者ll,这里显示显示的大小是文件的字节大小。

但是,如果文件比较大的话,显示起来不是特别易读,需要单独的计算。这个时候,可以使用“ls -lh”,就可以使用比较接近文件大小的单位显示文件的大小,如下::

TIM截图20180117104951

使用“-h”参数时,会根据文件的大小选择显示的单位是“K”、“M”还是“G”。如果希望指定显示的单位,可以使用“--block-size”参数,如下:

TIM截图20180117105113

对比可以看到,使用  不同的单位显示的时候,使用的是进一法,所以一个1k的东西,使用G为单位显示的是,会显示为“1G”。所以,还是使用“-h”显示起来,更符合人的习惯。

下面是ls显示的相关描述:


LS(1)                                                                                           User Commands                                                                                           LS(1)

NAME

       ls - list directory contents

SYNOPSIS

       ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...

DESCRIPTION

       List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).  Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified.

       Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

       -a, --all

              do not ignore entries starting with .

       -A, --almost-all

              do not list implied . and ..

       --author

              with -l, print the author of each file

       -b, --escape

              print C-style escapes for nongraphic characters

       --block-size=SIZE

              scale sizes by SIZE before printing them.  E.g., `--block-size=M' prints sizes in units of 1,048,576 bytes.  See SIZE format below.

       -B, --ignore-backups

              do not list implied entries ending with ~

       -c     with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information) with -l: show ctime and sort by name otherwise: sort by ctime, newest first

       -C     list entries by columns

       --color[=WHEN]

              colorize the output.  WHEN defaults to `always' or can be `never' or `auto'.  More info below

       -d, --directory

              list directory entries instead of contents, and do not dereference symbolic links

       -D, --dired

              generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode

       -f     do not sort, enable -aU, disable -ls --color

       -F, --classify

              append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries

       --file-type

              likewise, except do not append `*'

       --format=WORD

              across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C

       --full-time

              like -l --time-style=full-iso

       -g     like -l, but do not list owner

       --group-directories-first

              group directories before files.

              augment with a --sort option, but any use of --sort=none (-U) disables grouping

       -G, --no-group

              in a long listing, don't print group names

 

-h, --human-readable

              with -l, print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)

       --si   likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024

       -H, --dereference-command-line

              follow symbolic links listed on the command line

       --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir

              follow each command line symbolic link that points to a directory

       --hide=PATTERN

              do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN (overridden by -a or -A)

       --indicator-style=WORD

              append indicator with style WORD to entry names: none (default), slash (-p), file-type (--file-type), classify (-F)

       -i, --inode

              print the index number of each file

       -I, --ignore=PATTERN

              do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN

       -k     like --block-size=1K

       -l     use a long listing format

       -L, --dereference

              when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself

       -m     fill width with a comma separated list of entries

       -n, --numeric-uid-gid

              like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs

       -N, --literal

              print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control characters specially)

       -o     like -l, but do not list group information

       -p, --indicator-style=slash

              append / indicator to directories

       -q, --hide-control-chars

              print ? instead of non graphic characters

       --show-control-chars

              show non graphic characters as-is (default unless program is `ls' and output is a terminal)

       -Q, --quote-name

              enclose entry names in double quotes

       --quoting-style=WORD

              use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape

       -r, --reverse

              reverse order while sorting

       -R, --recursive

              list subdirectories recursively

       -s, --size

              print the allocated size of each file, in blocks

       -S     sort by file size

--sort=WORD

              sort by WORD instead of name: none -U, extension -X, size -S, time -t, version -v

       --time=WORD

              with -l, show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime -u, access -u, use -u, ctime -c, or status -c; use specified time as sort key if --sort=time

       --time-style=STYLE

              with  -l, show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT.  FORMAT is interpreted like `date'; if FORMAT is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to non-recent files

              and FORMAT2 to recent files; if STYLE is prefixed with `posix-', STYLE takes effect only outside the POSIX locale

       -t     sort by modification time, newest first

       -T, --tabsize=COLS

              assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8

       -u     with -lt: sort by, and show, access time with -l: show access time and sort by name otherwise: sort by access time

       -U     do not sort; list entries in directory order

       -v     natural sort of (version) numbers within text

       -w, --width=COLS

              assume screen width instead of current value

       -x     list entries by lines instead of by columns

       -X     sort alphabetically by entry extension

       -Z, --context

              print any SELinux security context of each file

       -1     list one file per line

       --help display this help and exit

       --version

              output version information and exit

       SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following: KB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

       Using color to distinguish file types is disabled both by default and with --color=never.  With --color=auto, ls emits color codes only when standard output is connected to a terminal.  The  LS_COL‐

       ORS environment variable can change the settings.  Use the dircolors command to set it.

   Exit status:

       0      if OK,

       1      if minor problems (e.g., cannot access subdirectory),

       2      if serious trouble (e.g., cannot access command-line argument).

AUTHOR

       Written by Richard M. Stallman and David MacKenzie.

REPORTING BUGS

       Report ls bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org

       GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>

       General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>

       Report ls translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.

       This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.  There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

SEE ALSO

       The full documentation for ls is maintained as a Texinfo manual.  If the info and ls programs are properly installed at your site, the command

              info coreutils 'ls invocation'

       should give you access to the complete manual.

GNU coreutils 8.12.197-032bb                                                                    September 2011                                                                                          LS(1)


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